Do trabalho e espaço doméstico ao trabalho em cargo público: a resistência das mulheres e os atravessamentos das formações discursivas patriarcais e feministas

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the functioning of the discourse in utterances of women public servants of the Municipality of Santa Terezinha de Itaipu - PR, who occupy management positions, regarding themes that affect them, such as work, family, discrimination and qualification. In order to comply with the provisions, the discursive corpus of the analysis is formed by excerpts from interviews carried out with 9 (nine) women occupying management positions in the municipal public administration. In order to better understand the relationship between women and work, this dissertation discusses the historical conditions, in a perspective that privileges the narrative from the perspective of women and, for that, it is supported by authors such as Perrot (2005), Lerner (2019). It discusses issues related to the patriarchy, Safiotti (2011) and the reproductive work, Federici (2017;2021). It also includes relevant issues about social struggles and the conquest of labor rights in Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century and addresses the entry of women into public office using Fraccaro (2018), Barroso (1988), Mello; Thomé (2018), among others. In addition, it presents a brief history of the Municipality of Santa Terezinha de Itaipu, as well as problematizes the social role of women in the history of the colonization of the city, using works by local authors such as Silva (1990) and Pasini (2022) and the oral report of a pioneer in the municipality. It uses the methodological and epistemological routing of dialectical historical materialism to think about the interviews and the theoretical and analytical assumptions of Discourse Analysis to carry out the analyses, based on categories such as imaginary formations, discursive formations, contradiction and resistance. The analyses of the discursive sequences allow observing the functioning of two Discursive Formations, in the women's discourses: the patriarchal and the feminist. The observation of discursive materialities points to recurrent intersections in discourses, which stabilize knowledge and sayings around the existence of women, typical of patriarchal imaginary formations. In this way, it is also possible to observe the contradiction operating, typical of the discursive formations that are part of a capitalist social formation. On the other hand, it observes the rupture, the slip, the failure, typical of the subject of the discourse that questions, doubts and opposes certain rules, as a form of resistance.