Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e os anos finais do Ensino Fundamental: uma análise sobre o currículo, estudantes e território

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) curriculum for elementary school and students of the ninth year of a state elementary school in rural and urban areas of Marechal Cândido Rondon city concerning the 17 Goals of Sustainable Development theme (17 GSD). Therefore, a documentary review and analysis of the BNCC were carried out according to each discipline and the respective school years, as well as the inspection of similar terms with the SDGs. A questionnaire was also applied to students in the ninth grade of elementary school in public schools in the studied municipality, related to the SDGs, family farming, agroecology and sustainable rural development. According to the results analysis, it was possible to work on all 17 SDGs during elementary school, mainly in the disciplines such as Science, History and Geography. Regarding the students of the ninth year of the state school system in Marechal Cândido Rondon, more than 35% of the participants did not know what the 17 SDGs are and more than 30% evaluated only 1 or 2 points on knowledge level on a scale from 0 to 10. 71.64% of the students did not know the meaning of agroecology, but 87.31% believed in the importance of teaching these themes during classes. When SDGs were evaluated, based on the GUT matrix, the goals with the least importance to the students were “Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure”, Responsible consumption and production”, “Partnerships and means of implementation” and “Gender equality”. When the students’ responses from rural schools were compared to the ones from the urban schools, only three SDGs did not show significant differences, in such a way that students from rural areas have always given less importance to these goals.