Desenvolvimento rural sustentável e políticas públicas para a agricultura familiar: uma análise do programa de aquisição de alimentos - PAA - no município de Toledo/PR

Abstract

This thesis aimed to analyze the relationship between sustainable rural development and public policies aimed at family farming, seeking to identify, based on a localized study, how the PAA policy has been implemented and whether it has contributed to sustainable development in the municipality of Toledo/PR. Thus, initially, the notion of sustainable development was worked on, starting from a theoretical review about the characterization of rural and urban spaces, as well as the criteria established for their delimitation and adopted in Brazil, passing through the notion of development in its various aspects and the consolidation of the idea of sustainable rural development. Next, a dialogue was made between family farming and public policies, with emphasis on the PAA. Considering the role of family farming in food production and its quest for autonomy, in addition to the bias of the program aimed at food security, the legislative and institutional aspects of the PAA were presented, as well as a general characterization of the program, which concerns its coordination, execution, beneficiary public and modalities. Finally, the focus was on the PAA in the municipality of Toledo/PR, seeking to understand the dynamics of the program, the participation of the various social agents involved and its effects on the municipality, from the point of view of family farming. A characterization of the municipality was carried out, dealing with the historical aspects linked to the context of rural family enterprises and establishing the profile of family agriculture, with the analysis of this social category from four axes, built in line with the purposes outlined in the legislation of the PAA and the dimensions of development: Production, mercantile integration and other sources of income; Cooperativism and associations; Access to means of production or material conditions; and Environmentally appropriate activities existing on the property, ending with the approach to the particular perception of farmers about their participation in the PAA, in individual and regional terms and in the context of combating hunger and food security. The thesis adopts descriptive and exploratory research; as for the nature, the quantitative and qualitative approach is used; with regard to technical procedures, bibliographical and documentary research were used, in addition to field research. The empirical foundation was carried out, mainly, from the application of semi-open questionnaires with the supplier family farmers. In the end, it was possible to understand that the objectives of the program are being achieved by providing quality food to the population of the municipality, in addition to strengthening family farming, encouraging families to remain in rural areas. According to the aspects analyzed, it can be concluded that the existence and maintenance of the PAA has significant contributions to sustainable rural development in the municipality, although there are difficulties, mainly due to the lack of federal resources allocated to the program.