A mulher na ciência: investigação do desenvolvimento de uma sequência didática com alunos da educação básica

Abstract

This is a study of the challenges faced by women to be recognized in society and science. Understanding the need for women's social equity and the importance of giving visibility to female scientific activity, this paper aims to investigate the ideas of scientists and how students relate women in science through the development of a didactic sequence with the theme "woman and science" in the scope of Basic Education, specifically, in an eighth grade class of Elementary School in a private school in the municipality of Cascavel-PR. Thus, it is presented a brief history of the work of women in science, in the struggle for gender equity and the importance of their actions from the past to the achievement of important rights. Next, the didactic sequence was elaborated according to the assumptions of meaningful learning, according to David Ausubel, with the intention of showing the students the participation of women in science and the demystification of the stereotypes of scientists. The didactic sequence was formulated in three stages. The first step of the didactic sequence was the application of the DAST (Draw a Scientist Test), proposed by Chambers (1983), in which the student is asked to draw a scientist person, in a continuous act, the student is required to explain in the verse of the sheet his or her drawing, for evaluation of its previous knowledge. In the second stage, to promote progressive differentiation according to meaningful learning, students were taught about the history of science and the role of women in current science. In the third stage, students were asked to produce texts, which suited as an integrative reconciliation of content, about women and science. It is concluded that the students had a stereotyped view of the scientists, which was imposed by society, with the idea of a mannish science and it is verified the importance of the rupture of the stereotype of scientists, being the competence of scientific education to develop students' understanding referring to scientific activity. Although the didactic sequence was developed in a short period of time, it was possible to peThis is a study of the challenges faced by women to be recognized in society and science. Understanding the need for women's social equity and the importance of giving visibility to female scientific activity, this paper aims to investigate the ideas of scientists and how students relate women in science through the development of a didactic sequence with the theme "woman and science" in the scope of Basic Education, specifically, in an eighth grade class of Elementary School in a private school in the municipality of Cascavel-PR. Thus, it is presented a brief history of the work of women in science, in the struggle for gender equity and the importance of their actions from the past to the achievement of important rights. Next, the didactic sequence was elaborated according to the assumptions of meaningful learning, according to David Ausubel, with the intention of showing the students the participation of women in science and the demystification of the stereotypes of scientists. The didactic sequence was formulated in three stages. The first step of the didactic sequence was the application of the DAST (Draw a Scientist Test), proposed by Chambers (1983), in which the student is asked to draw a scientist person, in a continuous act, the student is required to explain in the verse of the sheet his or her drawing, for evaluation of its previous knowledge. In the second stage, to promote progressive differentiation according to meaningful learning, students were taught about the history of science and the role of women in current science. In the third stage, students were asked to produce texts, which suited as an integrative reconciliation of content, about women and science. It is concluded that the students had a stereotyped view of the scientists, which was imposed by society, with the idea of a mannish science and it is verified the importance of the rupture of the stereotype of scientists, being the competence of scientific education to develop students' understanding referring to scientific activity. Although the didactic sequence was developed in a short period of time, it was possible to perceive an increase in the visibility of women in science and in society by students.