Certificação fair trade do mel: uma análise socioeconômica e ambiental dos produtores nas cidades de Bocaiúva-MG e Ribeira do Pombal-BA

Abstract

This study discusses the social, environmental, and economic impacts resulting from the adoption of the Fair Trade USA system in two Brazilian beekeeping associations and among their members. The perspective of New Economic Sociology was adopted as a theoretical framework, as it allows for an understanding of economic activities as processes socially structured by institutional norms, social relations, and bonds of trust. The research was conducted with the associations APIORG, located in Bocaiúva (MG), and AGOARP, located in Ribeira do Pombal (BA), both linked to the Fair Trade USA system through the exporter FloraNéctar. The investigation was conducted using an exploratory approach, with methodological procedures based on interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis. The results of this work were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. At the environmental level, the actions carried out by the associations are related to the environmental challenges faced by beekeepers, who, in turn, demonstrate confidence in the technical recommendations and recognize the effectiveness of the practices adopted. At the social level, associative relationships have been strengthened; information circulates among them and there is a perception of participation in decisions. Financially, the minimum price acts as protection against market volatility, and the guarantee of total commercialization contributes to producers' economic stability. The results show that the certified market operates according to institutional rules and social relations among participants, contributing to the productive organization and greater economic stability of beekeepers linked to the program