Indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana: diretrizes para a governança inteligente e sustentável das cidades

Abstract

The study analyzes the application and relevance of urban sustainability indicators as essential tools for city planning and governance. Structured into three chapters, the research unfolds in a context where accelerated urbanization and population growth pose significant challenges to sustainable urban development. The methodology combines a literature review, hermeneutic analysis of normative documents, and a case study, aiming to link the need for adopting sustainable and intelligent practices to a critical understanding of the applicability of indicators in the local context. The first chapter explores the concept and origins of cities, highlighting the economic and cultural benefits of urbanization while emphasizing challenges such as pressure on natural resources, increasing social inequality, and environmental degradation. It also discusses the importance of sustainable urban planning and the need for standardized indicators to monitor urban sustainability. The standards of the Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT) are addressed as crucial tools for promoting sustainable cities and efficient governance. The second chapter deepens the analysis by applying the concepts discussed earlier to a specific case study: the municipality of Toledo, Paraná. This chapter aims to demonstrate how the guidelines of the ABNT NBR ISO 37120:2021 standard can be used to guide sustainable urban planning, focusing on specific indicators such as urban tree coverage, informal settlements, population and urbanization density, employment-to-housing ratio, and proximity to basic services. These indicators are then applied to evaluate the current situation and identify areas for improvement within the municipality. The final chapter presents a critical reflection on the data collected during the case study, discussing implications for formulating more effective public policies in Toledo. It addresses the challenges of data collection and emphasizes the importance of data availability for applying the indicators. The chapter also presents the research findings and key discussions on Toledo's urban planning, delving into previously analyzed aspects. Finally, it discusses the dynamic nature of urban sustainability, suggesting that indicators must adapt to the new realities and challenges cities face. In conclusion, the research demonstrates that urban sustainability indicators are valuable guidelines for intelligent and sustainable city governance, enabling comparative, spatial, and temporal analyses. They allow cities to set ambitious goals and monitor progress continuously, striving for resource optimization and improved quality of life for their inhabitants.