A relação de direito e de fato entre religião e escola pública nos Colégios Estaduais de Corbélia - PR

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationships between religion and public schools. This research was conducted in a historical context, based on bibliographical research, through books and articles on the internet. Some topics covered were related to the definition of secularism and its assumptions that define Brazil as a secular state. It is understood that in the current model of society, the State acts together with politics and the legal environment, and within these environments, one is influenced by the other so that social organization is possible. However, we commonly observe that political power gives priority to the will and interests of those who hold power, therefore, when we use the phrase “de jure and de facto” in the title of this dissertation, the intention is to refer to the fact that, when it comes to documents governed by law that must be followed in the public sphere with regard to the secularity of the State, especially in the school context, what we often notice are school dynamics that contradict what is actually legally established in Brazilian laws. According to the bibliographic sources, the aim was to present the history of the implementation of Religious Education in Brazilian public schools and what this curricular component refers to the educational field. A field study was also conducted with teachers and administrators of the State Schools of Corbélia, with interviews and questionnaires, with the aim of analyzing the understanding of these professionals regarding the secular nature of the schools and Religious Education. Based on the theory and analyses undertaken through field research, with the help of Content Analysis, the contradictions existing in the relationship between religion and school and the resulting conflict with the assumptions of a secular State are addressed.