Velhos e novos caminhos: evocações de memória, identidade e esperança para a infância na poesia negrobrasileira

Abstract

This thesis aims to comparatively analyze which collective subjectivities and aestheticideological paradigms prevail in the poetic expression of black authors who refer to childhood or establish dialogue with children. Elaborated under the modulations of the qualitative approach and the comparative method, the analyses focused on poetic texts whose thematic axes included the ancestral valorization of the black population through the recomposition of collective memory, the strengthening of the positive identity constitution of the contemporary black child and the formulation of the concept of hope, as an instrument for mobilizing the reader for the transformation of socio-historical materiality. This effort resulted in the selection of the following poems: Vozes-mulheres, by Conceição Evaristo, Aviso, by Geni Guimarães, Sentinelas, by Paulo Colina, Muleque, by Solano Trindade, Para entender e ouvir “Estrela”, by Cuti, Para a menina, by Conceição Evaristo, and Olhando no espelho, by Abdias do Nascimento. The reflections formulated were based on a review of the historical trajectory established by the black child in Brazilian society, a comparison between the different ways in which the black child is represented in the literary discourses of black and white authors and the role of Black Brazilian Poetry as a tool for confronting racism. As a theoretical foundation, we considered the historiographical, philosophical and cultural studies of Bergson (1999), Halbswachs (1990), Le Goff (1990), Pollak (1992), Del Priore (2001), Hall (2005), Bloch (2005) and Spinoza (2015). And, regarding the Literary Theory of Black Brazilian Lyric and Poetry, Paz (1982), Bosi (1993), Cuti (2010) and Evaristo (2010). The conclusions led to the perception of the prevalence of a subversive discourse, opposed to racist literary principles and intrinsically committed to the process of racial awareness among the black child population.