O papel dos pactos de poder na atuação dos bancos de desenvolvimento na Região Sul do Brasil

Abstract

The social formation of Brazil is somewhat complex and to understand its essence it is necessary to use a theoretical framework that can capture the multiple determinations through which concrete reality was constructed throughout history. It is a mistake to say that only one theory can explain such complexity, in which different times operate in the same territory, past and present production relations together, and productive forces pressing for new institutionalities. Given this, this thesis sought to analyze the role of power pacts in the performance of Development Banks in the Southern Region of Brazil. We start from the hypothesis that the power pacts drawn up by state class fractions and their articulation with the forces of national pacts were fundamental to the dynamics of genesis and performance of these public development banks. To achieve this objective and prove the proposed hypothesis, we had as a starting point the Basic Duality Theory of the Brazilian economy by Ignácio Rangel, in which he talks about the power pacts that are built during economic cycles lasting 50 years. Linked to this theory, we sought to understand the dynamics of the production relations of the classes that made up the power pacts, based on the concept of class fraction developed by Poulantzas. Thus, the theoretical apparatus was constituted and our methodological instruments were: bibliographical research; collection and processing of secondary data; data analysis. Through the analytical level reached in the present study, it was already possible to verify the existence of state power pacts and their articulation with the national one, together with several elements that point to the relationship with the activities of the Development Banks in that region. Throughout the work we were able to prove the existence of class fractions in the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, and how these pacts were fundamental in the constitution of the socio-spatial formation of the South of Brazil. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the relationship between national and state power pacts were fundamental in the emergence of public development banks in the region studied, as well as in times of crisis for these institutions and then in the 2000s with the restructuring of BRDE, already with strong influence of a regional power pact