Antropofagia Oswaldiana e Pós-Crítica Literária: Retorno e Diferença

Abstract

This research proposes to deepen studies on the concept of Anthropophagy, formulated by Oswald de Andrade and, later, re-elaborated in an autophagic way by the author, as an epistemic possibility of a thought based on alterity and decolonialism. Understanding that Oswald's writing presents bases for a literary criticism in disagreement with canonical criticism, we propose to reflect on cultural anthropophagy as the core of a post literary criticism, in what it presents as alterity in relation to the criticism based on the European canon. The study starts from an analytical reading of Oswald de Andrade's literary, artistic, journalistic and essayistic production to arrive at the study of artistic and literary propositions and conceptual formulations that dialogue with the anthropophagic aesthetic. The research corpus is based on the basic texts that formulated the anthropophagic thought in the context of Brazilian Modernism: Manifesto da Poesia Pau-Brasil (1924); Manifesto Antropófago (1928); Revista de Antropofagia (1928-1929); and other texts produced by Oswald de Andrade collected at CEDAE/UNICAMP. The study of this production is made by comparing it with the author's literary and artistic production, namely: Serafim Ponte Grande (1933); The trilogy of Oswaldian theater devouring - O rei da vela (1933-1937); O homem e o cavalo (1934) and A morta (1937). The analysis of the aestheticization of the anthropophagic principles present in Oswald's literary and artistic production is based on the studies of M. Bakhtin, more specifically on the concepts of Ménipean satire, parody and carnivalization and on the formulations about decolonization based on Anibal Quijano, Walter Mignolo, Ana Pizarro, Zulma Palermo and other thinkers of the Modernity/Post-Modernity movement in Latin America. These readings allow us to verify how contemporary Latin American criticism appropriates or assimilates the principles of Anthropophagy and develops them through new conceptual elaborations, based on canonical displacement, as in the conceptual formulations developed by Antonio Candido, Haroldo de Campos, Silviano Santiago, Leyla Perrone-Moisés, Zilá Bernd. We observe that much of contemporary Brazilian literary essayistics finds theoretical and critical affinities with Latin American literary essayistics, especially with the concept of "post-autonomous literatures", developed by Josefina Ludmer, to think of artistic and literary productions outside the Western canons. It is possible to verify in Ludmer's proposal a close dialogue with the premises of Cultural Anthropophagy