A relação entre a atuação do estado no combate contrabando e ao descaminho na tríplice fronteira e a redução populacional de Foz do Iguaçu no início do século XXI

Abstract

According to IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) data, after constant population increases over the last decades, the 2000 Population Census found that the population of Foz do Iguaçu was 258,543 inhabitants. The 2007 Population Count increased to 311,336 and the 2010 Count pointed out that the population of the city that year was 256,008 inhabitants, that is, there was a reduction of the population in the first decade of the 21st century. To understand this phenomenon that generates political, economic, and social reflections, initially, the motivations of migratory movements were initially analyzed according to the position of theorists, IBGE studies, and UN reports. Then, based on books, dissertations by researchers, and publications by the City Hall of Foz do Iguaçu and Itaipu Binational Dam, the history of Foz do Iguaçu and the evolution of the Triple Border economic cycles were observed. IBGE numbers for the population of Foz do Iguaçu were also viewed and analyzed, including Demographic Census, Population Counts, and Population Estimates. In addition, IBGE numbers of the microregions of the states of Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul, bordering Paraguay were studied to understand how the population variation of these microregions was compared to the Foz do Iguaçu microregion. Then, based on data obtained from the IRS and journalistic articles, a survey was made of the investments and operations carried out by the inspection and public security agencies in the Triple Border. At the end of this study, the objective is to answer whether the fight against smuggling and illegal trafficking carried out in the region by the Brazilian State, led by the IRS, was a major factor in the population reduction of Foz do Iguaçu between 2000 and 2010.