Políticas educacionais para diversidade e escolas nas fronteiras: o caso de Foz do Iguaçu com a Argentina e o Paraguai

Abstract

The objective of this study is from the relationship school and state, investigate educational policies and consider whether they make it possible to work with diversity on the border of Foz do Iguaçu, in the state of Paraná. The Brazilian city, along with Ciudad del Este in Paraguay and Puerto Iguazu in Argentina, form the triple border, which among other characteristics, is known for tourism and the intense trade relations. The process of formation of Foz do Iguaçu was marked by the influence of the border countries and the presence of other nationalities and ethnicities. It is, therefore, a city not only different by the presence of Paraguayan and Argentinean neighbors, but that is also shared by Lebanese, Chinese, Korean, Chilean, Bolivian, Italian, among others. The school and educational policies in this context become the center of this research, since the school is a major means of training and socialization of individuals and may contribute to the integration process, the intercultural bias, or other hand, being a border, to disregard the existence of ethnic and cultural diversity that makes up the school environment. The reasons for the discussions in this work pass necessarily by the nation-state relationship with school.The history of education in Foz do Iguaçu and the history of educational policies in Brazil reveal how the school is an important institution in the national identity formation, and how they impact relations in border schools. To analyze the educational policies for diversity policies were analyzed educational documents from the Constitution of 1988, it derived the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education in 1996 and the National Curriculum Guidelines for cultural plurality in 1997. These two policies, along with the State Plan for 2015 Paraná Education and basic curriculum for public school in western Paraná, made by the Association of western Paraná Cities (AMOP) in 2007. to discuss public policies in the border region implies think of the region as a whole. An example of an educational policy for border, is the Intercultural Bilingual School Program, the Mercosur initiative, which passed through discussions with other countries in the border region. In the city of Foz do the program takes place at the Municipal School Adele Zanotto Scalco and aims to contribute to the integral formation of children, adolescents and young people, through the articulation of actions aimed at regional integration through intercultural education by offering the bilingual education.In order to get to know an educational policy, there were two interviews with Brazilian teachers, one former member of the program and the other, which entered the year 2015 with the interviews it was possible to collect the first impressions of the program in Foz do Iguaçu, its challenges and its importance as an educational policy in the field of linguistics integrationist content to influence future public policy.