Manacorda e Mészáros: o papel da educação escolar no processo de superação da sociedade de classes

Abstract

In this dissertation, we analyze in the writings of Manacorda and Mészáros the role of school education in the process of overcoming class society. The objective was to identify, in the thinking of these authors, the role of school education directed at the working class and its contribution to the emancipation of man. We analyze the works of these authors, in which they deal with education, we try to identify analytical categories directly linked to the theme of school education. Besides analyzing their works, we also try to work with some commentators. We strive to reveal the role of school education in social transformation, in search of an education that can become a weapon of combating for the workers, with a view to human emancipation. We organize the dissertation in three parts: in the first one we approach biographical aspects of the studied thinkers and the context of production of their works, in the second we approach the Marxist categories present in the works studied; in the last part we deal with school education and social transformation, that is, the role of education in overcoming class society. In the study we identified that, for Manacorda, the role of school education turned to the working class, is to raise it culturally, this means to arm the workers of knowledge, so that they can better act in the economic and political scope. Therefore, he defended the need for a unitary education, composed of: intellectual education, physical education, theoretical and practical technological education, to enable men to work with their hands and intelligence. Only whith this type of school education is capable of contributing to onilateral formation and leading man to overcoming class society. For Mészáros, the role of school education is to contribute to the raising of criticalconsciousness, so that we can understand that we live under the dominion of capital, which commands a process of alienating internalization that leads to conformism and passivity. The school education must reveal these contradictions and not serve the perpetuation of domination as it has done to this day. Thus, in order for school education to contribute to the overcoming of class society, it needs to move away from the logic of capital and seek an interchange with non-school education for life that encompasses all the processes of social life. It needs to approach a socialist education, of the social movements, of the working class, a true agent of transformation, able to set in motion the transformations necessary for overcoming class society.If school education can unite its progressive elements for change, with the strength of social movements and workers, it can make a vital contribution to emancipation. Finally, we understand that for the thinkers studied, the role of school education should be to help us to go beyond school education, in a common proposal on the need for structural social transformation in all scopes of human life that changes the subordination of work to capital, that leads us to the definitive overcoming of class society.