Textos de alunos do Ensino Fundamental: realidade, desafios e alternativas na constituição da autoria

Abstract

The present study dealt with the constitution of authorship in texts produced by students of Elementary School and focused on the search for new pedagogical possibilities of work to increase the written production of students, so that such students could be trained to understand the importance of teaching, of the language and, indeed, to assume the authorship of their words through their written text. Though, it is expected that it will be possible to assist students in their personal formation and in the development of the community in which they live. In order to do so, we tried to answer the guiding question of the research: which teaching elements of textual production can contribute to the constitution of the student-author from 2nd Elementary students - 9th grade? The general objective was to understand how a pedagogical proposal can promote the maturation of a student-author. The theoretical basis of the research was based on the interactionist conception that includes language as a phenomenon of verbal interaction Bakhtin / Volochinov's (2014) and its teaching applications proposed by Geraldi (1997, 2003), Antunes (2003), Riolfi (2014), Rojo (2012), Garcez (2012), Tardiff (2017), among others, articulated with the discussions about authorship treated by Bakhtin (2011), Geraldi (1997) and Possenti (2002). The methodological approach used to guide the study was Applied Linguistics, through qualitative research and the action-research method, which allowed to ally the theoretical assumptions with the classroom practice. The corpus consisted of texts written by students of the 9th grade of Elementary School, at a public school, produced at the end of the pedagogical implementation. The pedagogical proposal, prepared in accordance with the prerogatives of the Professional Master's Degrees, was developed in the form of a project with several short stories in Brazilian literature addressed through different strategies of reading and interpretation, which considered the production of texts as a process systematized and mediated by the teacher. In this context, authorship is an element resulting from the work with the language performed by students in texts produced at school. The results showed that a systematically organized pedagogical practice focused on the teaching of writing can help the constitution of student-authors and stimulate students' written production.