O gênero discursivo charge: uma proposta pedagógica para os Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental

Abstract

This dissertation has as object of study the cartoon as an educational possibility for students of the Early Years of Elementary School from 1st to 5th grade. The study started from the following question: which aspects present in the Bakhtinian perspective of language and in the Methodology of Dialectical Mediation, articulately, enable the formulation of pedagogical proposals using cartoons in order to develop critical thinking in students of the Early Years of Elementary School? The overall goal was to present didactic propositions with the discourse genre cartoon , based on the postulations of the Methodology of Dialectical Mediation and in light of Bakhtin s theory, aiming at provoking critical reading of the cartoon by prompting immediate laughter. The specific goals were: to address the cartoon according to the Bakhtinian perspective of language; to discuss the introduction of cartoons in the teaching-learning process; to present the Methodology of Dialectical Mediation as a possibility of guiding the work with cartoons in the Early Years of Elementary School from 1st to 5th grade; and to relate the pedagogical work with cartoons and the possibility of development of criticality. In order to fulfill these objectives, we carried out literature and document review, guided by Bakhtin s perspective of language and by theorists that deal with the topic of cartoons: Flôres (2002), Teixeira (2005) and, specifically, Romualdo (2000). For the dialogue with the Methodology of Dialectal Mediation, we focused on the work of Oliveira, Almeida and Arnoni (2007). The cartoons constituting the corpus for the proposals of didactic procedures were collected from the Jornal de Charges (Cartoon Newspaper): (www.chargeonline.com.br). This study demonstrated the possibility of introducing the cartoon in the Early Years of Elementary School by means of the process of pedagogical mediation. In addition, we highlight that the pedagogical work with cartoons, by propitiating laughter for laughter s sake (immediate laughter) towards the apprehension of the criticism present in the genre, may foment the critical reading of the social fabric and, consequently, the development of the students critical thinking skills