Programa de formação continuada para o atendimento de estudantes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista em aulas de Educação Física

Abstract

The increase in the number of students diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) enrolled in Basic Education reflects a global trend and has become increasingly evident in the Brazilian school context. At the school environment, the pedagogical action of Physical Education teachers in relation to inclusion is characterized by the challenges and difficulties encountered, with initial training perceived as insufficient to serve students with ASD. In this context, continuing education for teachers must be recognized as fundamental and necessary, to happen permanently and continuously, to enable reflection and access to knowledge that can help overcome the problems and difficulties existing in the school environment. Based on this, the objective of this study was to develop and execute a proposal for continuing education for the care of students with ASD in Physical Education classes. The research, of a descriptive and qualitative nature, was developed in the city of Santa Helena, state of Paraná, with effective Physical Education teachers from the Municipal Education Network who work with students with ASD and educational managers from municipal schools. The data collection took place through a questionnaire to identify the profile and reality of Physical Education teachers and students with ASD present in the school environment; and through a Focus Group with Physical Education teachers and educational managers to deepen the discussions and subsidize the proposal of continuing education. From this base, continued training was carried out for Physical Education teachers and educational managers in partnership with the Municipal Department of Education and Culture. The data analysis was qualitative, interpreting the content of the answers and transcripts, grouping them into thematic categories. The results of the research showed that teachers feel unprepared, since initial and continuing education was insufficient for the demand for care for students with ASD. Among the highlighted topics are the challenges in planning, the adaptation of content, the use of an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP), which due to its importance and legal aspect is little used, and the evaluation of students with ASD. The survey reinforced the need for specific knowledge about the disorder, legislation and inclusive practices, in addition to the importance of collaborative work and family participation. In conclusion, it has ben seen that there are gaps in teacher training and practical obstacles to inclusion, making a more effective continuing education essential. It is concluded that there are gaps in teacher training and practical obstacles to inclusion, making a more effective continuing education essential. The elaboration and execution of the proposal for continuing education for teachers and educational managers resulted in a Continuing Education Program available in the form of an ebook, which can assist and subsidize continuing education for other Physical Education teachers who work with students with autism to overcome challenges and promote a more inclusive and effective physical education for students with ASD.