Tecnologia social adequada sociotecnicamente às condições camponesas nos assentamentos de reforma agrária do Oeste do Paraná

Abstract

This thesis has the objective of analyzing the technological innovations developed by peasants and peasants settled in the West of Paraná - State of Brazil. Understanding technology as a field of knowledge applied to work that informs the actions and strategies for farmhand reproduction. The research was specifically developed in the settlements of the Mesoregion of the West of Paraná, evaluating technological innovations built, and adapted by the countrymen and women themselves, aiming to increase work productivity and reduce the physical hardship of rural activities. The definition of the theme came from the researcher's observation of how settlers with few financial resources and structural conditions, create technical alternatives, building and adapting technologies in an agroecological way, which overcome the imposed difficulties, either for economic reasons or for the edaphoclimatic condition itself, where the rural lot is located. Sometimes the land does not have an ideal condition for agricultural management, needing to create or adapt technological artifacts that contribute to overcoming the impositions of nature. The methodological procedure for Data collection consisted of in-depth semistructured interviews applied to farmhand families in their production units. Twenty-three families were selected from the agrarian reform areas that had significant creativity to develop technologies adapted to the local conditions in which they are inserted. The selected sample is of the non-probabilistic type and was defined by accessibility, not using, therefore, any specific statistical procedure, although the researcher was careful to verify if the selected sample was typical to the environment in study. Using the participatory action-research method, it was possible to interact with the settlers through dialogue between knowledge to generate a technical product and a prototype of a Chicken Tractor adapted to agroforestry systems. A bibliographic research was also carried out on peasantry, technical environment, social technology, agroecology and ecosocialism. The theoretical framework used allowed us to verify the state of the problem to be researched. A review of existing works on the subject addressed in books, articles, dissertations, theses, digital media and other scientifically reliable materials was carried out. As a result of the research, the testimonies of the farmhand in interviews and the activities carried out in the production unit confirm that the settlers have knowledge that contributes to the technological development in small rural establishments and are able to create technical solutions to solve problems that occur in the productive system.