Os indígenas Avá-Guarani e a Itaipu: a construção do "vazio demográfico'' no Oeste do Paraná e sua reprodução na imprensa como meio educativo informal

Abstract

The Avá-Guarani indigenous people traditionally occupy the Triple Frontier between Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, contradicting the imagery and resignifying the "demographic void" – a low population density area. With the establishment of a large state project in western Paraná for the construction of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Plant (1975-1982), during the period of the civil-military dictatorship (1964-1985), another process of deconstruction of the indigenous territory took place, through its deliberate invisibilization, concealed by the speech of economic progress and the hypothetical neutral character of these actions. Taking into consideration that, based on bibliographical and documentary research, we seek to reflect on how the indigenous people were presented, constructed and reiterated; or not, in the regional press. Regarding such representation present in the periodic journals, in a theoretical conceptual scope, it is assumed that these papers derive from contradictory and historically situated interests. For that, we took as object of analysis the newspapers Diário da Tarde, O Paraná, Nosso Tempo and the Luta Indígena. Such production, in the order hand, was taken in this dissertation as an informative means of the population, mainly by handling constituent elements of informal education. These documents allowed us to visualize distinct characteristics employed in the press, according to its task, which produces representations of the Avá-Guarani. Also, we perceived that the Informal education acts like a space for ideological struggle in contemporary times, in which it is attributed, dialectically, threats of domination/reproduction and yearnings for the transformation of social reality.