Comparação dos efeitos do treino funcional de alta intensidade realizado de maneira online com o mesmo treino realizado presencialmente sobre a saúde cardiometabolica de mulheres sedentárias com mais de 50 anos durante a pandemia covid-19

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of twelve weeks of high intensity interval functional training carried out via the internet (TFAI - WEB) vs the same training being carried out in person (TFAI-PRES) on the improvement of body composition, insulin sensitivity ( SI), blood pressure, blood lipids and cardiovascular fitness in a cohort of overweight sedentary women during the COVID pandemic19. Our hypothesis is that TFAI PRES would result in greater improvements in anthropometry, body composition, cardiovascular fitness, blood lipids and IS compared to the TFAI-WEB group, given the motivation and face-to-face monitoring of the activities instructor and the fact that that online physical training is still a modality to be explored. Methods: 34 sedentary overweight or obese women (age, 56.7 ± 3.5 years, body mass index 28.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2) participated in a twelve-week exercise treatment. Participants were intentionally assigned to TFAI-WEB or TFAIPRES and evaluated at baseline and post-training. Segmental tetrapolar Bioimpedance was used to assess body composition, 1-mile walk exercise test to measure cardiovascular fitness, biochemical analyzes to assess fasting glucose, LDL, HDL, Triglycerides, total cholesterol, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, HOMA -IR to measure SI, anthropometric assessments to assess Weight, BMI, WHR, and auscultatory technique to measure blood pressure. Results: The changes in the variables of the experimental training period were significantly different only for fasting insulin (p=0.029; TE=0.830) and the TFAI-PRES group had a greater reduction in this parameter, and no other group difference was observed. Improvements were identified in body weight (p=0.043 and p=0.02), CA (p=0.003 and p=0.006), % fat (p=0.002 and p=0.000), MME (p=0.029 and p=0.038), PAS (P=0.009 and p=0.031), FCrep. (p=0.035 and p=0.004) and VO2max. (p=0.005 and p=0.007) in both exercise conditions (TFAI-WEB and TFAI-RES), respectively. Conclusion: Participation in TFAI-WEB or TFAI-PRES physical training exhibited: 1) reduced body weight, 2) reduced body fat percentage, 3) increased skeletal muscle mass, and 4) improved cardiovascular fitness. Both exercise groups led to similar results for most of the assessed cardiometabolic risk factors. Overall, these observations suggest that a relatively short duration of TFAI-WEB or TFAI-PRES training may improve cardiometabolic risk factors in previously sedentary overweight or obese women over 50 years of age, with no clear advantage between these two specific regimes.