Trabalho, juventude e educação profissional: o Programa Jovem Aprendiz no município de Santa Izabel do Oeste/PR

Abstract

This research analyzes the effectiveness of the Young Apprentice Program in the Santa Izabel do Oeste/PR– PR town and its contribution to the youth professional life. The Apprenticeship Law 10.097/2000 regulates the recruitment of apprentices among 14 and 24 years old in establishments of any nature, whose training demands the professional qualification. In the field investigated, the Program is implemented by the Association for Protection of Motherhood and Childhood (APMI), an institution which develops vocational training for young people and their insertion in the labor market. For this, the research was based on philosophical studies of dialectical historical materialism, which gave support to unveil the contradictions between what was proposed to make the Law and what happens in its concreteness, more precisely in the scenario addressed. We focus on the writings and studies of Gramsci (1999), Saviani (2007), Frigotto (2004), Kuenzer (2007), Pochmann (2004) and among other authors who contributed significantly to the unveiling of history and the public policies for youth vocational training. This is a qualitative-quantitative research, which allows the researcher a link to the quantification of the data with the qualification of the collected result, with semi-structured interviews with ten young graduates of the Program in 2015. In the first chapter we present the double face of work, on one hand its formative character and its relationship with educational processes and on the other, its negation under the dominion of capital. The work as a real category that expresses the social being's way of being manifests its formative character and its direct relation with the educational processes, hence the importance of historicizing the professional education in Brazil offered to the children of the working class and opposing the professional education based on a politecnia perspective. The second chapter presents the subjects of our research and their relationship with the labor market, we also bring data related to the youth and the labor market of these at the national and state level. Subsequently, considerations about public policies and, in particular, we emphasize youth policies, emphasizing those directed to the formation of the young worker and their insertion in the labor market, with emphasis on the Young Apprentice Program. Finally, in the third chapter, we talked to the young people and presented our analysis, which is based on the assumption that the Program presents contradictions, especially in what concerns to the public policy of the Program and the particularity of the municipality, yet the results revealed that, although the Program contributes to the personal and professional life of the youth, reinforces a formative process for the adaptation of the young's behavior to the capital interests.