O projeto de ciência de Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859): introdução às dimensões transdisciplinares nas obras "quadros da natureza" e "cosmos"

Abstract

This paper seeks to interweave science formulated by Alexander von Humboldt with the names and extend the findings to the contemporary science that aims to overcome the crisis of reason then verified fragmentary. In this case, from references that indicate the Newtonian-Cartesian rationalism as no proponent of effective responses to a complex world in which the manifestations of reality accentuate their characters cross, evidenced works Frames of Nature and Cosmos as fruitful as corresponds to the prospects of a new science project guided in transdisciplinarity. Thus, these works show the arrangement between empirical fact and the human spirit to the constant process of spiral development of scientific knowledge. Mediating influences of Schelling, Goethe, Kant, Humboldt interweaves feeling and reason and evidence that aesthetic pleasures are responsible for the act of understanding a certain landscape. In addition, characterizes the role of art within the scientific formulations and expresses the need for simplicity and objectivity to the spread of contributions recorded by the human interpretation of the universe that surrounds us. At the turn of the twentieth century to century, authors such as Jean Piaget, Edgard Morin, Pierre Weil, Ubiratan D'Ambrosio, among others note that science in its practical and theoretical dimensions needs to be expanded to a sphere than fragmentary, make available the conjunction between human and physical facets of reality and willing their approaches so that they can consider knowledge in various cultural possibilities. Humboldt in the nineteenth century, composed his work explaining the extent of the relationship between man and the universe, seeking the conjunction of empirical factors from the organicist approach, tracing the historical understanding of reality through different cultural possibilities in various stages of civilization and organization of different societies. Through this bias creates a new scientific approach that some authors call a new "rationalism" that presents so transdisciplinary. From the investigation of the construction of modern thought and the conflict generated by the same romantic movement in Germany, the Prussian naturalist science project presents itself as a synthesis, figuring approaches from empirical measurements interpreted now by the manifestations of art guided the aesthetic pleasures. Thus, the junctures of the works discussed in this dissertation constitute a necessary contribution to the understanding and knowledge organization and holistic cross, a fact that confirms the contemporary texts of Alexander von Humboldt.