O fantástico e memória social na obra Pedro Páramo, de Juan Rulfo.

Abstract

This study aims to verify how the fantastic elements and the narrative composition of Pedro Páramo (1995) are done aesthetically. We intend to reflect about the proportion that the work finishes the perspectives of contemporary latin american narrative and joins it in a social memory. The concept of fantastic used for the present study is based on Todorov (1975), which recognizes it as a time of hesitation caused in the reader as a reflection of the narrative. The inherent hesitation in the fantastic corresponds to the unfinished dialog between the rational and the nonrational, to the imbalance between reality and the supernatural, to the unbelievable reasonableness caused by the occurrence of the supernatural and its consequent questioning. In this perspective, we looked for theoretical support in the reflections proposed by the Cuban Alejo Carpentier (1954), when it comes to the wonderful realism as opposition to the wonderful proposed by surrealists. It is important to detach that, in the context of the latin american literature production, the notion of wonderful real would be a result of the cultural mix of Latin America, according to Alejo Carpentier. It is observed, in Pedro Páramo, a rupture attempt and reversal with the hierarchy and traditional aesthetics of text, as the plausible and implausible are incorporated, thus distorting ritual practices of speeches until then practiced and inaugurate a new poetic way, where minorities are convened to integrate the new discursive woof and to contribute in the deconstruction of hegemonic discourse in Latin- American context. Pedro Páramo is alongside other works responsible by the revolution in the sense of contravening the rules in the style of writing and in the form of addressing the issue of Latin American culture.