Enfermidades bucais em pessoas portadoras de diabetes tipo 2

Abstract

This is a quantitative, cross-sectional observational study conducted at the Center for Dental Specialties (CEO) in Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, from September to December 2024. It aimed to investigate the oral diseases, quality of life, and dietary intake of 32 participants with T2DM, aged 18 years or older, of both sexes. Data collection consisted of clinical dental examinations, including medical history, oral lesion recording, DMFT index, and laboratory analysis with blood collection to assess glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels, in addition to a quality of life and food consumption frequency questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed, including correlations and comparison tests, using the SPSS 29.0 statistical program, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that the average age of the study participants was 60 years, the majority of whom were women, with an income between 1 and 3 minimum wages, and complete elementary education. The clinical dental evaluation revealed significant tooth loss, resulting in the use of dentures, frequent dry mouth, and periodontal disease. Wide variations in fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were also observed. Regarding the overall quality of life and health perception, less than 50% of participants tended to be more satisfied with themselves, even among those with higher DMFT. Food consumption was not significantly associated with blood glucose levels. This result highlights the need to strengthen multidisciplinary collaboration to implement more effective health promotion and self-care strategies to contribute to DM prevention and control strategies. Furthermore, it is important to consider the limitations of this study, such as sample representativeness and self-report bias in the assessment instruments.