LISTAGEM FLORÍSTICA DE CYPERACEAE E POACEAE NO PARQUE NACIONAL DO IGUAÇU, PARANÁ, BRASIL

Abstract

The Iguaçu National Park (Iguaçu Park) is an important fragment from the Atlantic Forest interior, composed by forest formations Semideciduous Seasonal Forest and Mixed Ombrophilous Forest, however with vegetation not well known, mainly regarding the herbaceous species. The families Poaceae and Cyperaceae, with species mostly herbaceous, have great representativeness in the Atlantic Forest, therefore the present study represents the first floristic survey of Cyperaceae and Poaceae for the Iguaçu Park, in addition to similarity analysis between the different vegetation formations. For the study, the park was divided in three areas: 1. Céu Azul with Mixed Ombrophilous Forest formation; 2. Capanema and 3. Foz do Iguaçu with Semideciduous Seasonal Forest formation. As results, the present work was divided in two chapters, the first on Cyperaceae and the second on Poaceae. For Cyperaceae 36 species were listed, distributed in seven genera, being Cyperus (18 spp.) the most representative one, followed by Eleocharis (6 spp.) and Rhynchospora (5 spp.), the other ones presented one or two species each. 51 species of Poaceae were listed in the Iguaçu Park, distributed in six subfamilies and 32 genera, the subfamily with more representatives was Panicoideae (20 spp.), followed by Bambusoideae (5 spp.), Chloridoideae (3 spp.), Anomochlooideae (1 sp.) and Pharoideae (1 sp.). Regarding the genera found, the one with the great number of species was Paspalum (8 spp.), followed by Olyra (4 spp.), Ichnanthus and Setaria (3 spp. each), Chusquea, Dichanthelium, Digitaria, Hymenachne, Panicum and Steinchisma (2 spp. each) and the other genera (1 sp. each). The present study increased significantly the number of Cyperaceae and Poaceae species indicated for the Iguaçu Park, these occurring mainly in the park wet environments, highlighting the importance of the conservation of these regions.