A relação arte-meio ambiente na perspectiva de artistas brasileiros e dos professores de arte da rede pública estadual de ensino de Cascavel e região Oeste

Abstract

The theme of this project is the relationship between Art and the Environment from the perspective of brazilian artists and art teachers from the public education of Cascavel and the western region, therefore, it integrates two areas of knowledge, Art and Environmental Sciences. Was guided by the problem question: What are the perspectives of Brazilian artists and art teachers regarding the Environment, the contribution of Art to Environmental Sciences and contemporary artistic productions that deal with environmental issues?, from with it was formulated as a central objective: investigate the perspective of brazilian artists and Art teachers regarding to the relationship between Art and the Environment, using as a reference works that have nature-environment as their content, and to expand the discussion on the contribution of Art to Environmental Sciences. It is based on authors who address the environmental crisis sphere, ecology, contemporary society, among them: Bauman (2001, 2006, 2008), Beck (2006), Giddens (1991), Layrargues (2002, 2004, 2017), Leff (2005, 2009, 2011), Morin (2003, 2005), as well as researchers and Art Historians called: Argan (1992, 1996), Archer (2001), Canton (2009), Panofsky (1991) and others, who desbribe the relationship among Art, Nature, Culture and Environment, in Land Art and the current Brazilian artistic moment. There are four brazilian artists as participants: Hugo Fortes, Néle Azevedo, Débora Muszkat and Eduardo Srur, and sixty-six art teachers, who work in Public Educational Institutions of Parana State specifically from Cascavel and the western region, in Elementary and High School levels. Thus, given the goal and participants of this study, we chose qualitative research, using bibliographical and picture surveys as procedures, and for data collection, semi-structured interviews (online) carried out with the artists and the form (online), applied with teachers. To analyze the perspectives expressed by Art teachers, Content Analysis (Bardin, 2016) was chosen, specifically the categorization technique, therefore, the teachers' points of view of art on the relationship between Art and the Environment, were grouped and analyzed according to categories: Ecological Perspective, Pragmatic Perspective and Awareness Perspective. In the analysis, the convergences and divergences between the perspectives of the interviewed artists and Art teachers were also highlighted. It was found that the conception of the Environment and the pedagogical practice of Art teachers is guided by a practical-utilitarian and pragmatic dimension and that, in the context of this research, Art is understood as a “mean to achieve an end”, when it comes to environmental issues. Finally, it presents the contribution of Art to Environmental Sciences and the contribution of this study to future research of an interdisciplinary nature.