Avaliação da produção grãos e dos teores de óleo e de lipase na variedade de amendoim BRS 151 L7 cultivadas sob diferentes adubações

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is native to South America, it is among the main oilseeds cultivated in the world, its grains contain high levels of oil, proteins and vitamins. In Brazil, from the 70’s onwards, there was a decline in production with the advanced of the cultures, concentrating almost all production only in the state of São Paulo and almost disappearing in Paraná. This culture has versatility of use and in used in various sectors of the industry: Food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and also as a raw material in the biofuels sector, due to these, its cultivation has regained strength, but there is little information about the effect of the crop management on grain yield, chemical composition and lipase production levels. The experiment was carried out in November/ April 2020/2021 on a rural property in the west of Paraná, using a randomized block design (DBC) in factorial scheme consisting of three types of fertilization with different doses of: Nitrogen (N) at doses 0, 60 and 120 kg/ha; Phosphorus (P) at doses 0, 51 and 120 kg/ha and Solubilizer (S) at doses 0 and 150 ml/ha. The following response variables were evaluated in the field production: Plant height (HP); Number of branches (NB); Number of pods (NP); Productive (PROD). The second part of the experiment was carried out at the UNIOESTE- Campus of Toledo laboratory, evaluating the quality of the grains produced through the chemical analysis of the seeds, whose variables ere: Humidity (HUM); Ash (ASH); Lipid (LIP); Carbohydrates (CARB); Protein (PROT) and Lipase (LIPASE). The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), using the DBC statistical model in a triple factorial scheme. ANOVA detected signification for: PROD considering the effects of P, N x P, P x S; LIP for the effects of P and P x S; PROT for the effects of N, S, N x P, P x S and N x P x S; LIPASE for the of N, P, S, N x S and P x S. In this context, PROD and LIP were positively influenced by the use of P doses, while the PROT variable was positively affected by the use of N, and the LIPASE variable was positively influenced by N and S. Based on the genotype studied, fertilization influenced productivity and on the quality of peanut grains.