Fatores associados às infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS) de pacientes críticos COVID-19: estudo caso – controle

Abstract

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pointed to an important cause of injury and mortality associated with nosocomial infections. The rapidity with which the disease evolved led to the neglect of preventive measures against infections, concomitant with the empirical use of antibiotics to prevent and treat secondary infections. Patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can exhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome and require mechanical ventilation (MV). Consequently, worse outcomes are related to increased rates of nosocomial infections. To identify factors associated with infections related to the care of critically ill patients with COVID-19. Case-control study was conducted between August, 2020 and December, 2021. A total of 140 patients and 277 controls, matched by sex and age, participated in the study. The case was defined as a COVID-19 patient, who was detected positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and who developed healthcare-associated infection (HAI). The control was defined as a COVID-19 patient, who was detected positive by RT-PCR and hospitalized in the same calendar period but without HAI. A greater risk of death was observed among patients who used invasive devices and had longer hospital stays in the intensive care unit. Each day of MV use, central venous catheter (CVC) use, and indwelling bladder catheter use increased the chances of death by 7%, 6%, and 3%, respectively. MV, CVCs, and urinary catheters were significantly associated with HAI in the study hospital. No different results were found compared with what had already been predicted at the beginning of the pandemic. with cardiorrespiratory COVID-19.