Cultivo de copo-de-leite sob telas de sombreamento e espaçamento de plantio

Abstract

Calla lily cultivation is influenced by shading and planting spacing, these management aspects interfere with vegetative growth, quality and quantity of floral stems. Given the above, the objective was to determine the shading and planting spacing in calla lily cultivation. From plant material acquired from a commercial producer in Toledo (PR), in December 2020, the seedlings were transplanted to beds, installed in the floriculture sector of the Experimental Farm of Unioeste. The experiment was carried out in four planting spacings and three levels of shading. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme [four planting spacings (0.80 x 0.50 m; 0.80 x 0.25 m; 0.40 x 0.35 m and 0.40 x 0.25 m) x three levels of shading (30%, 50%, 70%) and full sun], containing three replications and four plants per plot. During and at the end of cultivation, phytotechnical evaluations of development and production of floral stems were carried out. Growth evaluations took place at 350 days of cultivation, as follows: number of leaves, total plant height (cm), plant collar diameter (mm) and number of tillers. During this period, gas exchange evaluations were also performed, such as assimilation rate (µmol CO2 m-2 s-1); stomatal conductance (mol m-2 s-1) and transpiration rate (μmol H2O m-2 s-1), determining the relative chlorophyll content. The phytotechnical evaluations of production took place from May to November 2021, such as: number of stems/plant and number of stems/square meter of bed, width and length of the floral spathe (cm), total length of the floral stem (cm), diameter of the flower stem (mm). Calla lily plants grow better in a 70% shading screen, and in a planting spacing of 0.40 to 0.25 m, showing better assimilation rates, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content. In addition, calla lily plants produced stems in quantity and quality in 70% shading, with a planting spacing of 0.40 x 0.25 m.