Diversificação produtiva e desenvolvimento regional: o caso de Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze to what extent the diversification of productive structures contributed to the regional development of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Initially, 54 Minimum Comparable Areas (MCAs) were created so that intertemporal spatial comparisons could be made in the period 1980-2010. To this end, the Restructuring Ratio (RR), Redistribution Ratio (RR), Location Quotient (LQ), Specialization Ratio (SR), and Location Ratio (LR) were estimated for the period from 1980 to 2010, and an Regional Development Index (RDI) for each MCA for the years 2004 and 2016, in addition to using the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) as a complementary part of the analysis. The results show that there is a high heterogeneity in the state, both in terms of economic results and development levels, with the MCAs with a profile more focused on the industry, especially the manufacturing industry, presenting more diversified productive structures and, consequently, higher development levels. On the other hand, the MCAs that are more focused on the primary sector and with high productive specialization, mainly in agriculture and livestock, and which were not able to make the transition from an agrarian economy to an urban-industrial economy, generally showed a low level of development. The establishment of industrial centers in the territory of Mato Grosso do Sul has been crucial for the deepening of regional inequalities in the state, as they are the most attractive places for productive investments and the most benefited by sectoral public policies.