Parâmetros genéticos de características agronômicas e diversidade fenotípica de genótipos de quinoa

Abstract

This study aimed to determine genetic parameters and evaluate quinoa genotypes on the possibility of gain with selection, in addition to determining genetic diversity in experiments carried out in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2019. The seeds collected in each experiment were used for the installation of the subsequent experiment, thus, the genotypes went through the process of natural selection. The experiments consisted of 16 genotypes, in a randomized block design, with three replications, and plots consisting of 15 m² of useful area, containing 7 rows of 5 m spaced 0.5 m apart. Data collected were days to flowering, plant height at harvest (cm), inflorescence insertion height (cm), plant population at harvest (plants ha-1), cycle (days) and yield (Kg ha1), which underwent analysis of variance and estimation of genetic parameters, genotype grouping was also performed using the UPGMA method to assess genetic diversity. The results obtained through the estimates of genetic parameters indicate the possibility of genetic gain with selection in quinoa genotypes, and satisfactory values of selection gain were also obtained when performed in individual years. The results showed that there is genetic diversity among the studied genotypes. Genotypes Q1302, Q1304, Q1324 and Q1301 belonged to the same group in all breeding cycles, the same condition was observed for genotypes Q1317 and Q1320, and also for genotypes Q1223 and Q1318. The Q1321 genotype has always been divergent from the Q1302, Q1304, Q1324 and Q1301 genotypes. The Q1303 genotype showed lower results than other genotypes in all analyzed variables.