Produção e qualidade da couve de folha consorciada com quiabeiro em sistema orgânico

Abstract

The present study is aimed to evaluate the influence of the consortium between kale and okra on productive and physical-chemical characteristics of kale under organic management. The study was divided into two phases: Firstly, by the conduct of culture in its field and secondly, by laboratory analysis. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. Their treatments consisted of the consortia (T1 = three lines of kale with okra between the lines, T2 = three lines of kale with okra every two lines, T3 = three rows of kale with okra thickened between the lines, T4 = three lines of kale with okra thickened every two lines), and mono-cultures (T5 = three lines of kale, T6 = okra, T7 = thickened okra). The densified okra was in the spacing in between plants of 0.25 m. In the consortia the planting lines were spaced at a distance of 0.60 m. Both cultures were implanted by seedlings on oat straw. The evaluations were carried out until 147 days after the transplant (DAT). In the kale the height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of the leaves, leaf area and commercial and non-commercial productivity were evaluated. For the okra it was evaluated the height of fresh fruit mass and its productivity. The efficient land use index (UET) was also calculated. In the evaluation of the physicochemical characteristics of leaf kale, the following characteristics were determined: soluble solids, hydrogen potential, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and pigments (chlorophyll a, total, b and total carotenoids) and the relative chlorophyll index (SPAD index). The highest number of commercial leaves was observed in T3. The commercial productivity of leaf kale averaged 20.30 t ha-1. For the okra the lowest productivity was observed in T2 (3.26 t ha-1). The consortia reduced the mass of okra fruits per plant in the treatments, the productivity was higher in T3 due to the higher density of plants. All consortia had a UET above one with gains ranging from 16 to 60% in productive efficiency. The consortia influenced the pH, the T5 was higher over the seasons, for the content of soluble solids the treatments T1 and T4 were higher at 82 and 101 DAT with 8.63 and 8.36 ° Brix respectively. There was no change in titratable acidity, for ascorbic acid, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, total b and total carotenoids) and SPAD index, the difference occurred only in the periods (50, 80,110 and 140) DAT.