Estética Brechtiana: da Ópera dos Três Vinténs e do Romance dos Três Vinténs aos Coletivos de Teatro Contemporâneos

Abstract

This dissertation contemplates a comparative study between the dramaturgical text The Threepenny Opera (1928) and The Threepenny Novel (1934), by Bertolt Brecht, in which focuses the comprehension of the esthetic elements developed by Brecht in the epic theater: distancing effect and social gestus. The research presents reflections on the development and self-appropriation of the conceptual formulations proposed by Brecht in different textual genres, but which maintains narrativity, since epic theater is essentially narrative. Understanding the formal differences among literary genres, temporalities and historical contexts, we tried to verify how Brecht transmigrates elements of his dialectical epic theater to the romanesque narrative and how these elements contribute to read the social relations and their historical and idiosyncratic temporalities. The research also presents a study on Brazilian theater groups and collectives that re-elaborate Brechtian aesthetics in their plays in contemporary times. So, the present dissertation is articulated from three parts, named as acts. Act One has a reflection on the theory of the Brechtian dialectic theater, especially on the distancing effect and the social gestus, and based on these reflections, it is analyzed how these elements of the Brechtian theater are presented in the play The Threepenny Opera. Act Two presents a comparative analysis between the play and the novel, showing how the epic theater elements are presented in The Threepenny Novel. In Act Three we reflected on the scope of the Brechtian aesthetics in the Brazilian Collectives of Theater Companhia do Latão, Companhia do Feijão and Coletivo de Teatro Alfenim, and how these groups reimport the Brecht’s aesthetic.