Distribuição transversal de palha por colhedoras autopropelidas na cultura da soja

Abstract

With the no tillage system implantation, the straw started to have important paper in the system field management. It acts as agent of recovery or maintenance the physical, chemical and biological soil properties, being used as indicative of quality of the system. Despite this, its handling has not been adjusted, being common to notice itself in the field, bands with different straw concentrations, result of the mechanized harvest. In this context, the work objective was to evaluate the uniformity of combine straw distribution in the soybean harvest. For the collection of the residues was used a scaffolding with dimension of a meter of width for ten meters of length, subdivided in sections of 0,5 square meters, confectioned in canvas, iron, and steel handle. The combines had been evaluated in normal conditions of operation, with four repetitions of straw collection. For comparison of the machines, and evaluation of the uniformity of transverse straw distribution was used the Coefficient of Variation (CV). All combines had presented a different distribution, resulting in bands, with raised straw concentration in the central combine part, and little in the extremities, independently of the cut platform width. But a combine presented distribution next to the ideal, for possessing a deliverering system for the straw proceeding from the bolters. The necessity of a deliverering mechanism for the same one was evidenced that the deriving straw of the combine bolters can be main the responsible one for the bands formation, with raised straw amounts in the center of the combine. It has, therefore, the necessity to develop a deliverering mechanism to equip the combines and to distribute the straw, independently of the machine size.