Sistema desponte e número de ramos na produção de figos verdes 'Roxo de Valinhos' no cultivo orgânico em condições subtropicais

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to study the effect of number of productive branches and lopping system in the development and green fig tree yield of Roxo de Valinhos in organic system. The experiment using four year-old plants, with spacing 3 x 2 m, was carried out between July/2007 and March/2008 in Quatro Pontes-PR (24o35 42 South latitude and 53o59 54 West longitude, altitude of 472 m and Cfa Koppen climate, with annual maximum medium temperature of 28.5oC and minimum of 16.6oC). The design utilized was randomized blocks with four replicates, and the treatments arranged in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, taking as factors number of lopping (one, two, three or four, besides the control without lopping) and number of productive branches (plants conducted with six or twelve branches). In the lopping system, after the emission of the 16th leaf, the branch was blunted (removed the apical bud), being selected two sprouting by productive branches. New lopping was accomplished later on, always after the emission of the sixth leaf. In each plot, made up of three useful plants, data concerning the cropping cycles of 2007/08 were collected. Fig production under organic system is technically viable. The highest green fig yield (2,208 g planta-1) and dear productivity (3,681 Kg ha-1) was observed in the treatment which had plants conducted with twelve branches, with three lopping. There was a prolongation of the crop in the plants were made more lopping. Besides the increase in the production and prolongation of the crop, the lopping plants presented fruits with larger diameter and uniformity in relation to the witness. That uniformity allows to concentrate the crop and to decrease like this the use of cupric products