Seleção e operação ótima de recursos energéticos distribuídos inseridos em uma microrrede de energia elétrica

Abstract

The microgrids may be considered as small power systems that operate autonomously and automatically, using technologies linked to it known as distributed energy resources (DERs), being demand, one of this resources. These networks are characterized by intensive use of information, communication and automation technologies, allowing meet demand in form efficient and optimally. However, implement, expand and operate a microgrid brings various economic, technical and operational challenges that must be faced, being one of those challenges the selection and operation of DERs. Thus, this work presents an optimization model, with the objective of analyzing the impact of input parameters on the behavior of the variables involved in selection and operations of these resources. The uncertainties in demand and renewable resources were treated through a scenario tree while for risk estimation was used the value at risk (VaR). The mathematical formulation constitutes a mixed integer linear programming model that was implemented in GAMS language and solved by CPLEX solver. Through simulations was possible to observe the economic benefits that can be obtained through use of DERs, highlight the impact that can produce the intermittent nature of renewable resources on operating costs, and also evidence the importance to have information regards of risk in situations of uncertainty. The results of the simulations show the tool's features developed as an aid when decisions must be made regarding the deployment of DERs and the optimized energy management in a microgrid. As features to highlight, this model operates independently of the energy consumer profile and also allows to perform various analyzes with respect to the influence of the input parameters on the decision variables.