Alterações em atributos químicos de solos após aplicação de cama de aviário

Abstract

The western region of Paraná has gained prominence in broiler chicken production in recent years. In this scenario, the State of Paraná stands out as the largest producer and exporter of broilers in Brazil, and this activity generates a large amount of waste, especially poultry litter. Because it is a material with large amounts of nutrients, its main destination is the use as fertilizer. However, the way of handling this material, inside the aviaries, has undergone modifications such as the increase of batches on the same bed and the application of lime as a sanitizing agent between one batch and another, over the years. This makes studies of this type of bed essential for its correct application in agriculture. In view of the above, the objective of this work was to carry out a survey of the production of poultry litter in the western region of Paraná through data from DERAL and its chemical characterization by means of sample collections from several poultry houses and laboratory analyses. In addition, the release of nutrients and the ability to correct soil acidity after incubation of poultry litter in sandy and clayey soils were evaluated. After the 90-day incubation period, the chemical attributes of soil fertility were determined (pH in CaCl2, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and base saturation. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Assistat program. Characterization data of poultry litter were evaluated by descriptive statistics, the litter mineralization data submitted to analysis of variance and the effect of doses was evaluated by regression analysis. The generation of poultry litter is high in the Western Region of Paraná, therefore, a great agronomic potential. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in poultry litter increased in relation to the increase in the number of occupation lots. The application of poultry litter provided correction of soil acidity and increased levels of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and base saturation, both in sandy and clay textured soils. Thus, poultry litter showed significant potential for fertilization and correction of agricultural soils