Avaliação Fitoquímica e atividades biológicas dos extratos vegetais de Ilex Brevicuspis Reissek. (Aquifoliaceae)

Abstract

Brazil has a great biodiversity, because of that the products originating from the secondary metabolism of plants arouse great interest for its variety and for being able to promote biological activities of great importance. The species Ilex brevicuspis is a tree native to southern Brazil, known as caúna da serrá, congonha ou orelha de mico, and it was used in this work being investigated the phytochemical composition, antimicrobial activities, by broth microdilution technique, antioxidant activity, by method 2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazila (DPPH) e acaricidal activity against Dermanyssus gallinae (Degeer, 1778), of plant extracts extracted from the leaves by ethanol (EE), methanol (EM), ethyl acetate (EAE), distilled water (Eaq), hexanic (EH) and acetonic (EA). Phytochemistry revealed the presence of saponins, steroids, tannins, flavonoids and triterpenoids. The extracts showed inhibition results against all strains used, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, including Salmonella serotypes. The methanol extract showed a high acaricidal activity of 94% and a moderate antioxidant capacity of 81.45%. Antioxidant activity above 70% was also verified for hexane and acetone extracts. Therefore, the vegetable extracts of I. brevicuspis presented a secondary metabolism compound capable of promoting important biological activities and being an alternative for the development of natural products.