Dinamismo econômico das regiões imediatas paranaenses no período de 2014 a 2021

Abstract

Regional development and economic dynamism constitute historically unequal phenomena, resulting from cumulative, structural, and institutional processes that manifest themselves in a differentiated manner across regions. In this context, this thesis aimed to analyze the economic dynamism of the Immediate Geographic Regions (IGRs) of the State of Paraná in the period from 2014 to 2021, considering productive transformations, patterns of specialization, and changes in regional productivity. The research is anchored in a theoretical framework that articulates contributions from regional economics. From a methodological standpoint, the study adopted a quantitative approach, combining instruments of regional analysis, such as the Location Quotient (LQ), the Restructuring Coefficient (RC), and the Shift-Share method in its structural, differential, and Total Net Value (TNV) components. The analysis was carried out based on two variables: Fiscal Value Added (FVA), disaggregated according to the sections and divisions of CNAE 2.0, and formal employment, used for the calculation of regional productivity. The choice of the reference years, 2014, 2016, 2019, and 2021, made it possible to capture different economic cycles, encompassing periods of crisis, partial recovery, and productive reconfiguration associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The results evidenced the persistence of regional asymmetries in Paraná, indicating that economic dynamism is not distributed homogeneously among the IGRs. It was observed that regions with more diversified productive structures, greater industrial density, and better integration into productive chains present more consistent structural and differential gains, both in terms of FVA and productivity. In contrast, IGRs dependent on primary sectors or on activities of low productive complexity tend to present lower resilience, greater volatility, and difficulties in economic restructuring. The analysis of the Restructuring Coefficient indicated that, although some regions have undergone changes in their productive structure, such transformations do not necessarily translate into greater economic dynamism, reinforcing the importance of the quality of restructuring and not merely its intensity. From the standpoint of public policies, the results provide support for regional development strategies oriented toward productive diversification, the strengthening of regional capacities, and the reduction of regional inequalities, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals, especially the eradication of poverty (SDG 1), Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8), and the reduction of inequalities (SDG 10).