Análise comparativa entre o uso do enxerto de tecido conjuntivo e o uso da fibrina rica em plaquetas ozonizada para tratamento das recessões gengivais tipo I de Cairo: estudo clínico randomizado duplo cego controlado

Abstract

Gingival recession is the apical migration of the marginal gingiva, exposing the root surface and can cause aesthetic and functional problems, such as dentin hyperesthesia, cervical caries lesions, non-carious cervical lesions, among others. The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of ozonized platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) and subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCT) in root coverage with a coronally positioned flap in patients with Cairo type I gingival recession. The control group received gingival coverage with SCT, while the test group was treated with ozonized A-PRF. Twenty-two patients with bilateral Cairo type 1 gingival recession, aged between 20 and 60 years, without systemic comorbidities that prevented surgery, were included. Patients were followed for 0, 90 and 180 days after surgery to evaluate some periodontal clinical parameters. The data were analyzed using statistical tests such as Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, Tukey and Friedman. A significance level of 5% was considered for all analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism 8.0® program. We observed total recession coverage (100% coverage) in 60% of the RPC + ETCS group and total coverage in 43% of the RPC + A-PRF group. When comparing the times T0, T1 and T2 for Group 1 and Group 2, a statistically significant improvement in periodontal parameters was observed in all clinical parameters, with improvements in the variables of clinical attachment level, width of keratinized tissue, recession height, recession width, thickness of keratinized tissue and sensitivity. This improvement was maintained throughout the 180 days. It was possible to conclude that both treatments are effective, ETCS was more effective in the periodontal parameters of gingival thickness and width of keratinized tissue, while ozonated A-PRF offers more comfort and fewer complications.