Potencial de produção de biogás e biometano em propriedades de suínos em terminação no Paraná

Abstract

Of the various reasons for the increase in demand for electricity and increased consumption of fossil fuels we can cite population growth as one of the main reasons, because with the increase in population the demand for food, housing, fuel for vehicles and electric power also increases. In addition to the fact that burning fossil fuels such as oil ends up generating polluting gases to the environment. This created, in the last decades, a warning regarding fossil energy sources, causing a search for new energy sources that were renewable and less harmful to the environment. Among the discovered renewable energy sources that cause less damage to the environment, we have biogas and biomethane. Biogas is a gas obtained by anaerobic digestion of organic waste such as pig manure in biodigesters. Biomethane is the biogas purified with a concentration of methane greater than 90%, which makes it have practically the same characteristics as natural gas. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the potential for biogas and biomethane production in the state of Paraná through the swine waste in the end. For this, we used measurement data of the generator engine of a real model property that generates biogas from swine manure in termination for electric power generation. The methodology used was the multiplication of specific production and biogas per pig in finishing per animal head in the desired period. In this case, SEAB data was used about the annual slaughter of pigs in the state of Paraná, in 2023. Thus, it was possible to determine the potential that the state has to produce biogas. It was also appropriate to verify the determination of the equivalence of biogas potential in biomethane, electric energy and vehicle fuel. As a result of this work, it was determined that the western region of the state of Paraná has the greatest potential with more than 72% of the total slaughter in the state. This shows that only in this region is feasible the implementation of biogas and biomethane plants for the supply of households, industries and vehicles with biomethane. In the other regions, the feasibility is to produce biogas only for own consumption on finishing pig farms.