Aspectos epidemiológico, obstétricos e os desfechos do near miss materno no Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Abstract

Maternal Near Miss (NMM) shares similar characteristics to maternal death, and according to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is defined as: “a woman who almost died, but survived a serious complication that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days after the end of the pregnancy”. This study is justified due to the higher proportion of NMM in relation to maternal deaths, because given the inertia of death, NMM presents important characteristics to be analyzed. The research aims to identify the epidemiological profile, obstetric aspects and outcome of NMM occurrences reported in the state of Paraná, Brazil. This is a cross-sectional quantitative research, carried out using NMM Notification data, made available by the Secretary of State for Health – SESA, after consideration by the ethics committee of the institution – Hospital do Trabalhador. The sample was made up of pregnant women, women in labor or women who have recently given birth up to 42 days after giving birth, reported between January and December 2021. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. 938 incidents were reported in the period, of which 862 were pregnant women (91.9%), the average age of the sample was 29 years (SD = 7.06), and the majority, 68.5%, were aged 19 to 34. Regarding ethnicity/race, the predominance was white (67.3%), regarding nationality, 96.2% of women were Brazilian and 3.8% (n=33) were immigrants or foreign population. The majority of women had only one child (24.3%), 40.8% were stratified as high risk during pregnancy and had pre-existing conditions at the time of hospitalization. The complication period occurred during pregnancy, with 48.4% of women being in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, due to the complication, 49.6% of pregnant women underwent an emergency cesarean section, regarding the outcomes, 71% were discharged and 18.1% remained hospitalized at the time of notification. By analyzing the information presented, it is possible to reflect the reality of the maternal health situation of the population of Paraná, through quantitative data on occurrences in the State, but it also allows us to know and understand the reality of the functioning, infrastructure, accessibility and quality of assistance provided throughout the territory.