Frequência dos alelos GSTT1 e GSTM1 em pacientes com covid-19 e associação com a sobrevida

Abstract

This study aimed to determine glutathione S-transferase theta-1 (GSTT1) and Mu 1 (GSTM1) allele frequencies and their association with moderate and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, mortality rates, and patient survival. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study developed in the municipality of Francisco Beltrão, southwest of Paraná. In total, 270 inpatients tested positive for COVID-19 with a mean age of 56 years were evaluated from 2020 to 2021 in this study. The patient cohort was predominantly male. Among them, 55.8% of patients had a severe clinical status, followed by 41.5% of patients with a moderate status. Ninety patients died, whereas 174 (65.9%) individuals were discharged. The mean length of stay was eleven days. As for comorbidities, 43.4% of patients had high blood pressure (HBP). The null genotypes GSTM1- and GSTT1- were identified in 66.8 and 58.78% of inpatients, respectively. Conversely, GSTM1+ and GSTT1+ allelic forms showed frequencies of 33.2 and 41.22% in inpatients, respectively. The frequency of individuals with both deleted alleles (GSTM1-/GSTT1-) was 46.2%. Polymorphisms were not associated with disease severity or patient outcomes. However, the GSTM1-/GSTT1+ combination significantly increased the odds of patient survival, whereas the combination of polymorphisms in association with HBP decreased the odds of survival by two-fold in hypertensive patients and increased the risk of death. Concluding the significant relationship between SAH with the reduction in survival and expansion of the death outcome. And protective association of the GSTM1+/GSTT1- genotypic combination favorable to the survival of patients with Covid-19. In addition, it was observed that in hypertensive patients with a double null profile, survival was only 13 days, possibly determined by SAH and not by the genotypic profile of the population.