A atenção aos refugiados nas cidades-gêmeas do Paraná: contribuições do território na defesa e efetivação dos direitos humanos

Abstract

Refugees’ human rights protection at the frontier is the central theme of this research, having as its subject matter the refugees’ human rights guarantee in the twin cities of Barracão, Foz do Iguaçu, and Guaíra. The question that guided this investigation was whether such cities would be able to guarantee the human rights of refugees, with the main aim of understanding the inflections in guaranteeing human rights on refugee protection in the twin cities of Paraná, focusing on the size of the territory as a determining factor for social protection. To contemplate the proposal, the specific objectives were: to theoretically apprehend the category refuge and territory (frontier/territoriality); identify the prerogatives and limits of the primary approach (social policy) to refugee protection in the twin cities; elucidate the human rights demands of refugees in the twin cities of Paraná; and present the human rights protection initiatives (care and/or follow-up care) to refugees in the surveyed cities. The dialectic method was used to assess the reality presented through field research conducted with three Federal Police agents and five social workers, conducted through semi-structured interviews based on guiding questions, and with the use of a voice recorder, which was authorized by the professionals. The results showed that the protection of refugees' human rights remain vulnerable in the twin cities, especially in relation to small cities, due to the lack of high complexity services and the limited possibilities of care, where social actors, social projects and non-governmental organizations are used to complement the actions. The study also points out the relevance of the work of these entities and institutions to the care of refugees, highlighting them as the main means to protect and meet their demands.