Avaliação dos efeitos sociais da pavimentação asfáltica nas vias rurais de Toledo-PR

Abstract

Evaluating a public policy involves some key issues: understanding how it was designed, the context in which it was developed, how it was financed, what programs were created, etc. But before that, a theoretical basis is needed to understand how public policies have emerged and evolved over time, both in the world and in Brazil. When emerging in the universe of public policies, the researcher is faced with stages, whose evaluation is the final phase of implementation. In the object of research presented, the public policy of asphalt paving of rural roads, by the Program of Sustainable Environmental Development of Toledo, revealed an evaluative gap that motivated this research, since it was believed that an impact assessment was essential for decision-making by the municipal administration. It was observed that, over the years of implementation of the program - 2012 to 2017- the question of asphalt paving of rural roads has taken on regional and national importance, especially in terms of economic benefits and the quality of life of the beneficiary population, and very little for the environmental issue itself, the principle by which the program was designed. Thus, what this research proposes to study: the collateral social effects (unintentional) that the asphalt brought to the beneficiary population, in terms of quality of life. The method used to carry out this analysis was through a methodology called Satisfaction Analysis Model, executed in questionnaires applied to the rural population benefited by this program. The results were based on the population’s profile and on the rate of satisfaction related to aspects of access to public services, health, education, leisure and security. Although the average satisfaction level before and after the implementation of the program increased, the interviewees persisted within the range of indecision on the effects of public policy. Regarding the program itself, there was a significant demonstration of ignorance, related not only to the name but also to environmental objectives. And finally, regarding the rate of satisfaction of the beneficiaries in the preparation and implementation of the program, the average result was satisfaction, with the main complaints regarding the maintenance of asphalt pavements. As a conclusion, it is stated that the way forward in maintaining public policy is connected with management. Suggestions have been made in this direction, seeking, in the best way, to contribute with significant improvements in the policy design and that will, consequently, bring significant changes in the quality of life of the rural population.