Investigação de residual agroquímicos no solo em propriedades com pecuária leiteira

Abstract

The intensive use of agrochemicals in agricultural production has generated concern about the contamination that can cause, both in crops, as well as in the environment, besides the potential for bioaccumulation and have factors resistant to degradation. Dairy farming is present in many properties in the western region of Paraná and the corn crop is present as the main food of the herd in the form of silage. This work had the objective of measuring residual agrochemical soil in areas of properties belonging to the Cascavel river basin, with a system of production of milk cattle using corn silage. The study was carried out on rural properties in the municipality of Cascavel, corresponding to the geographical coordinates in Latitute 24º 57 '21 "South and Longitude 53º 27' 19", where the soil is Red Latosol Distroferric. The analyzes were carried out after the collection of samples composed of soil in the areas, of the ten selected properties that had corn cultivation. The determining factor in the selection of properties was the basis in family agriculture. The soil samples consisted of 12 simple samples. It was also sought to identify information on the management of agrochemicals on properties and the knowledge of those responsible about the risks to these products. For the extraction, identification and quantification of possible residual agrochemical molecules, the methodology described by the QuEChERS method was adopted. With the accomplishment of this study was identified and quantified in ppb the molecules of compounds: organochlorines: Alachlor, Bicyclo (2.2.1), DDE, Dimethano, Endrin, Endrin Aldehyde, Endrin Ketone, Heptachlor, Heptachlor Ep., Hexachloro benzene, Hexachloro cycl Methoxychlor, Metolachlor, Mitotane, Simazine. And organophosphates: Azinphos-methyl, Chlorpyrifos, Dichlorvos, Disulfoton sulfate, Ethoprophos, Methyl Paraoxon, Mevinphos, Ronnel Fenchlorvos. Some of these molecules have already been suspended for more than ten years, but are still present in the soil, others are in commercialization for crops such as soybeans, however the concentrations found are in accordance with Resolution No. 420 established by CONAMA for soil published in 2009.