Desenvolvimento e aplicação de biocoagulante magnético Fe3O4-MO para remoção do corante reativo preto 5 em meio aquoso sintético e efluente real têxtil

Abstract

A magnetic biocoagulant (Fe3O4-MO) was produced by the association of nanoparticles of iron oxide (Fe3O4) and Moringa Oleífera Lam (MO) extract in different concentrations (0.5%, 1% and 2%), aiming to evaluate its performance in removal of the reactive dye black 5 (RP5) in aqueous medium (synthetic waste water) and real textile effluent. The MO protein was extracted with saline solution and the nanoparticles were synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The biocoagulant was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), vibration magnetometry, Fourier Infrared Transformer (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (SEM / EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (MET). For the coagulation / flocculation / sedimentation process (C/F/S), the operational parameters studied were sedimentation time, biocoagulant concentration and pH. The efficiency of the C/F/S process was determined by the analysis of the apparent color, absorbance, zeta potential and total organic carbon (TOC). After determining the best conditions (concentration of 0.5% MO, dosage of 100 mg L-1 and pH 7) of the C/F/S process, sedimentation kinetic studies for synthetic wastewater (ARS), real effluent (ERT), both with and without magnetic field and the sludge recovered and regenerated with the saline extract of MO (with magnetic field). At the 100 mgL-1 dosage of magnetic biocoagulant at a concentration of 0.5% MO saline, 89% apparent color removals were obtained in the time of 20 min. The C / F / S process shows dependence on the pH of the reaction medium, because at pH 7 color removal values of 83% and 84% were obtained in reaction time 20 and 40 min, respectively.