Experiências agroecológicas na agricultura familiar em assentamentos de reforma agrária do MST: entre o ideal e o concreto/estudo de caso do assentamento Ander Rodolfo Henrique – Diamante D’Oeste, Paraná

Abstract

This research consists of the results of the dissertation in Social Sciences, developed in the Post-Graduation Program in Social Sciences of Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - UNIOESTE, Toledo – PR campus. The delimitation of the problematic has as its axis the agroecological practices in rural agrarian reform settlements of Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Terra (MST). The objective of this study was to analyze the processes of rupture and discontinuity of agroecological practices in the settlement. The research was carried out in Assentamento Ander Rodolfo Henrique, in Diamante D'Oeste - PR. In this settlement, There are 108 families settled and distributed in a total area of 3,097.69 hectares, which is another advance for agrarian reform and for the struggles of organized workers in the countryside. The constitution of Assentamento Ander Rodolfo Henrique is a process of peasant struggle for the territory against the capital, especially struggle over the forms of organization and the definition of the production matrix, in which MST opted for the agroecological transition and prioritized the production of family self-sufficiency as opposed to the agrochemical model proposed by agribusiness. Agroecology constituted a principle to be followed by the families, which delimited the constitution of a new settlement model in the state of Paraná, being a challenge for these subjects to establish a sustainable development plan. However, in 2013, this process was reversed and both the PDA (settlement development project) and the internal regiment were abandoned. Therefore, this research was intended to understand the aspects that influenced the rupture of the agroecological model adopted until then. We can affirm that there were several factors that contributed to the destructuring of the agroecology-based settlement project. External and internal forces were decisive for breaking the agroecological matrix, especially the ones related to the Agribusiness apparatus in the objective and subjective aspects of the settlers decisions. And, above all, misconduct by the MST, towards the new agricultural practices that would be adopted by families. We reiterate that agroecology, in the field of agrarian reform, comes to strengthen sustainable rural development, joining forces in the countryside and in the city and, above all, enabling dignity to the rural peoples with commitment of human values and social responsibility and can not be established and / or understood only as a moral debt to MST in the settlements.