Poluição difusa decorrente do uso de água residuária da suinocultura

Abstract

Amongst the agro-industrial activities in the region west of the Paraná it is distinguished swine production that intensified in some regions causes the development of techniques, to improve the treatment and destination of the residues generated for the related activity. One of these techniques consists the application of the wastewater in the agriculture, aiming at improvements in soil physical, chemical and biological conditions. However, its indiscriminate use can consequently affect deeply the quality of the water and the integrity of ecosystems. In order to verify the impact of the application of the wastewater of swine on the culture of the beans and the environment was mounted an experiment in the experimental Farm of the PUCPR - Toledo-PR. Of each one of the parcels had been collected samples of the runoff throughout all the cycle of the culture, as also samples of the ground to the end of the experiment. During the accomplishment of the experiment four wastewater applications in the blocks, or either, four treatments: 50, 100, 150 and 200 m3.ha-1 and the absence of the wastewater being the witness. The gotten results had demonstrated that the amounts of potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen in the runoff after treatment with effluent swine had been exponential; also were verified that the phosphorus has polluting potential about seven times bigger that the potassium and three times bigger that the nitrogen and that mobility in the profile of the soil is bigger for the potassium, followed of nitrogen and the phosphorus.