Determinantes da localização industrial: uma análise para as mesorregiões brasileiras

Abstract

The spatial location of industries and the decision process for the industrial activities location are studied as an economic problem and according to the literature there are many factors that influence the choice for a location of an industrial firm, which often changes according to industrial segment. The empirical work about determinants of the industrial location usually vary by different levels and units of analysis, factors that impact the location decision change depending on the type of industry, and the availability of factors to be dynamic over time and space . Some issues are still being reformulated in different models because of this variability mentioned above, including for the Brazilian case which has been questioned if the agglomeration is really the dominant force in the location decision, if labour and land costs matter, if large markets are more efficient for Locating Industries, if different sectors with different technological intensities in fact are so different as its location choices and also if the transportation costs are still relevant. In this sense, the present paper sought to discover which are the most important factors for the industrial location in Brazil among many facts that has been shown in the literature, working on the premise that the industries establish a place based on the profit maximization. Therefore analyzing factors that influence the location of industries in Brazil is also to seek for indicators about the Brazilian future potential of growth regions, because in order to receive investments in the area from the industrial sector, one must present high levels of profitability. The analysis was done using the multinomial and multilevel logit model, by technological level of the industries for the Brazilian mesoregions. Having main results, the importance of the technology levels on the industrial location as well as the agglomeration economies was confirmed.