Modelagem e análise de custo de sistemas de refrigeração por absorção

Abstract

In this work, the simulation and design of absorption refrigeration systems was performed, in order to evaluate its performance. Specific software capable to simulate and design such systems was elaborated, using structured programming language FORTRAN. This was a complete study of all components of the system and specifying their capacities. It has accomplished the project's absorber system, using the methodology of the project for Tinker heat exchangers. The absorber designed was a shell and tube heat exchanger, vertical, with flow of ammonia steam and of the water solution on the side of the shell and cooling water pipes. On verification of the proposal design, it was used the Wilke correlation, developed for settings in film condensation on vertical tubes. After developing of the program, they have been designed systems to attend certain specific conditions of heat load and temperature regime similar to real systems (small-sized refrigerator, air conditioning in a public environment and medium-sized industrial installation). Results from energy consumption were compared with similar systems by compression of steam. The program established with a good degree of correlation the energy demands of all systems tested, proving its reliability. The results showed that the refrigeration system for absorption has, in addition to good capacity for cooling, a low operational cost when compared to conventional systems by compression, for the studied cases.